How fireworks work, what different types there are, the chemistry of colour, and the history of fireworks. Lots of facts for Guy Fawkes day, 4th July or any other celebration that involves fireworks displays. One sheet how to create a green flame effect inside a pumpkin using Boric Acid; second sheet simpler activity on coloured fire using copper chloride and lycopodium powder
1FIREWORKShttp://teachable.net/res.asp?r=18242What are Fireworks made from? The first fireworks were made from gunpowder (a mixture of ingredients including saltpetre sulphur and charcoal.)
Today experts at handling explosives called pyrotechnicians add chemicals for special effects.
Ingredients are placed in a shell the whole thing is wrapped up and then a fuse is added.
3How Do Fireworks Work?Rocket: When a rocket is lit a substance explodes creating gasses that shoot the firework into the air. When the firework reaches a certain height another spark causes it to blow up releasing fine metal powders into the air.
Roman candles: These long tubes shoot balls of chemicals from one end creating a series of flaming stars. Inside the tubes the chemical balls are packed one on top of the other with layers of sawdust between them.
Fountains: These are cone-shaped and sit on the ground. A hole in the top allows gases to escape shooting coloured sparks
http://teachable.net/res.asp?r=1825
Green Fire Pumpkin Lantern
Did you know ? Fire can change colour if you add different chemicals to it.
This experiment will tell you how to make green fire.
One application of making green fire is using it to light your Halloween pumpkin lantern. This is a super-easy effect that produces spectacular results.
Before you attempt this make sure an adult is with you to help out. Read the safety tips at the bottom of this page.
So Here's how you do it:
Green Fire Pumpkin Materials
Carved lantern. Traditionally this would be a pumpkin but you could use a watermelon cantaloupe melon etc
boric acid (usually found in pharmacy section of supermarket)
methanol (you could use a fuel treatment found in the automotive section of a large supermarket or a car accessory shop.)
aluminium foil or a heat-safe container that fits inside your lantern.
long-handled lighter.
Start the Fire!
Technically all you need to do is sprinkle boric acid in a heat-safe
http://teachable.net/res.asp?r=1848
How to Make Coloured Fire
Wood fires are yellow right? Well typically but not necessarily. All fires radiate a colour spectrum that depends on temperature: red for fairly hot orange for hotter yellow for really quite hot all the way up through white for well white-hot. Most wood fires burn at about yellow-hot.
But there's also a second reason for the usual yellow colour: Wood (along with most natural substances) contains sodium which produces a yellow emission when ignited regardless of the temperature.
If you mix different substances with fire they'll burn different colours. Pyrotechnicians have a long list of chemicals that emit particular colours--combine with enough gunpowder to make a big bang and . . . boom! Fireworks are born.
One particularly fun chemical used in fireworks is copper (II) chloride which has a strong blue colour when burnt. Most fireworks-colouring chemicals produce tints only under fairly specific conditions but with