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Covalent Bonding

Age 14-16 (KS4 / GCSE)
Age 16-18 (A-level)

Presentation introducing covalent bonding as the sharing of electrons, as well as information about the physical properties of covalent compounds and some interactive elements.



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Published 23 Sep 2007

Contributed by Jennifer Howes — Experienced contributor

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Extracts from this resource

Covalent Bonding

1http://teachable.net/res.asp?r=981Covalent Bonding22Ionic and Covalent BondingAtoms of elements may be chemically bonded to form compounds
Bonding involves the movement of electrons either by sharing them or transferring them between atoms
The two main types of bonding: ionic and covalent create characteristic physical properties for compounds
For clarity in diagrams of bonding only the outer shell of electrons will be shown
In dot and cross diagrams the electrons drawn as dots and crosses are identical but belonged to different atoms initially.33The most stable state for atoms is to have a full outer shell of electrons like the Noble gases.
Atoms will react to gain or loose or share electrons so that they form full outer shells44Covalent BondingFor example
Carbon reacts with Hydrogen to form MethaneCarbon has 4 outer electrons. It therefore forms 4 covalent bonds to fill its outer shell55Covalently-Bonded CompoundsDraw dot and cross diagrams to show the bonding structure of these compounds
Click on the diagrams to check

Chemical_Bonding_Quiz

1http://teachable.net/res.asp?r=98Chemical Bonding Quiz21. Ionic bonds are formed when Outer electrons are shared
Protons are transferred
Protons are shared
Outer electrons are transferredABCDXXX32. What is the charge found on Group 2 elements?1+
2-
2+
1-ABCDXXX43. Which compound contains a covalent bond?NaCl
O2
KF
MgOABCDXXXSee Periodic Table54. In ionic bonds non-metals are most likely to Gain electrons
Lose electrons
Become positively charged
Share electronsABCDXXX65. What feature is shared by both sodium and chloride ionsBoth have unpaired electrons in their outer shell
Both have electrons in their 3rd shell
Both have 8 electrons in their outer shell
Neither has a full outer shell
ABCDXXXSee Periodic Table76. How many electrons are associated with a single covalent bond between two atoms?1
2
4
8ABCDXXX87. What type of bonding would be expected between K and Br?Covalent
Metallic
Ionic
Double covalentABCDXXXSee Periodic Table98. When a metal forms an ionic bond with a non-metal the non-metal atoms will Gain an electron and become positively charged
Lose an electron and become negatively charged
Lose an electron and become positively charged
Gain an electron and become negatively charged
ABCDXXX109. A

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